2016학년도 4월 고3 영어 모의고사 전국연합학력평가 문제지, 정답 및 해설
2016학년도 4월 고3 영어 모의고사 전국연합학력평가 문제지.pdf
2016학년도 4월 고3 영어 모의고사 전국연합학력평가 정답 및 해설.pdf
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2016학년도 4월 고3 전국연합학력평가 문제지
영어 영역 제 3 교시
1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지는
한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방송을
잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.
1. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한
것을 고르시오.
① Oh, no. I want to go there.
② Thanks, but they already ate.
③ Sorry. I completely forgot about it.
④ Of course. I’ll invite my friends tomorrow.
⑤ Not really. Soccer is not my favorite sport.
2. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한
것을 고르시오.
① Sure. Here is your refund.
② Well, the shirt is not mine.
③ Okay. I’ll get you a new one.
④ Right. I need an eye for fashion.
⑤ Impossible. It’s a brand new shirt.
3. 다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 수강 신청을 안내하려고
② 고별 강연 참석을 독려하려고
③ 교내 논문 대회를 홍보하려고
④ 강의 일정 변경을 공지하려고
⑤ 새로 부임한 교수를 소개하려고
4. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 수업 시간에 전자기기를 사용하지 않아야 한다.
② 인터넷상에는 정확하지 않은 정보들이 존재한다.
③ 불규칙한 식습관은 학생들의 집중력을 저하시킨다.
④ 부모의 과도한 관심은 자녀의 학습 의욕을 감소시킨다.
⑤ 지나친 스마트폰 사용은 가족 간의 대화를 단절시킨다.
5. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.
① 식당 지배인 – 종업원 ② 도서관 사서 – 지역 주민
③ 제과점 주인 – 손님 ④ 컴퓨터 수리 기사 – 고객
⑤ 방과 후 수업 교사 – 학생
6. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
② ③ ④
⑤
①
7. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 남자에게 부탁한 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
① 선택 관광 추가하기 ② 예약 인원 변경하기
③ 계약금 환불해 주기 ④ 관광 명소 추천하기
⑤ 이메일 재발송하기
8. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 운동하러 가지 못하는 이유를 고르시오.
① 감기에 걸려서
② 고객을 만나야 해서
③ 발표 준비를 해야 해서
④ 체육관이 공사 중이어서
⑤ 동료와 식사를 해야 해서
9. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]
① $270 ② $280 ③ $290 ④ $300 ⑤ $330
10. 대화를 듣고, 과학 시험에 관해 두 사람이 언급하지 않은 것을 고르시오.
① 실시 날짜 ② 문제 유형 ③ 문항 개수
④ 진행 시간 ⑤ 시험 범위
11. 봉사활동에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
① 다음 주 일요일에 하게 된다.
② 봉사자들은 결승선 구역에 배치된다.
③ 마라톤 참가자들에게 물과 음식을 나눠 주는 일이다.
④ 예상 활동 시간은 약 네 시간이다.
⑤ 봉사자들은 거북이가 그려진 모자를 받는다.
영어 영역
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12. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 선택한 다이어리를 고르시오.
Diaries
Cover Lock Pages Free Gift
① Fur × 92 Feather pen
② Paper × 38 Stickers
③ Paper ○ 76 Feather pen
④ Leather ○ 64 Stickers
⑤ Leather ○ 120 Feather pen
13. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]
Man:
① Great. I’m proud of you for being so generous.
② Actually, I would like to open a new bank account.
③ Sure. The camping trip was full of exciting events.
④ But raising money to help elderly people is not easy.
⑤ No. There are many charities for children in the world.
14. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장
적절한 것을 고르시오.
Woman:
① You aren’t allowed to use a cell phone during the contest.
② You can record your practice to check your problems.
③ You don’t have to make too many friends online.
④ You need to finish writing your script first.
⑤ You should choose an easier topic.
15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Eric이 Sarah에게 할 말로 가장 적절한
것을 고르시오. [3점]
Eric: Sarah,
① I want you to respect her feelings.
② you need to clean the room more often.
③ I believe it’s better to rearrange your furniture.
④ you should tell her about your concerns frankly.
⑤ I doubt she might suffer from your carelessness.
[16 ~ 17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.
16. 남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
① physical benefits of doing chores
② how to enhance creativity of children
③ ways of doing chores in an efficient way
④ the necessity of keeping a room organized
⑤ the importance of having children do chores
17. 언급된 일이 아닌 것은?
① 설거지하기 ② 거실 청소하기 ③ 꽃에 물 주기
④ 쓰레기 버리기 ⑤ 빨래하기
이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따라
답을 하시기 바랍니다.
18. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Dear Mr. Luckman,
A few weeks ago I bought a decorative bowl
manufactured by your company. Although it makes a
beautiful centerpiece for my table, I noticed on the
enclosed information leaflet that the bowl gives off
harmful chemicals when microwaved. I think that many
customers are unaware of the danger of chemical
poisoning. Knowing how dangerous chemical poisoning
is, I think it’s important that you adequately warn
customers not to microwave the bowl. I suggest that
you use bold print on the outside of the box. Clarify
that the notice of harmful chemicals is a warning, not
just a characteristic of the clay. Please consider this so
that unnecessary poisoning does not occur.
Sincerely,
Andy Rooney
① 불량 제품 사용으로 인해 발생한 피해에 대해 항의하려고
② 제품 사용 주의사항을 잘 보이게 표기할 것을 제안하려고
③ 제품의 사용 설명서에 기재된 내용에 대해 문의하려고
④ 소비자의 취향을 반영한 신제품 개발을 요구하려고
⑤ 제품의 기능을 다양하게 할 것을 건의하려고
19. 다음 글에 드러난 Matt Brown의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Early in his career as a pilot, Matt Brown was flying a
twin-engine plane northeast out of Harlingen, Texas, when he
noticed a drop in oil pressure in his right engine. He was alone,
flying through the night at eleven thousand feet. He reduced
altitude and kept an eye on the oil gauge, hoping to fly as far as
a planned fuel stop in Louisiana, where he could service the
plane, but the pressure kept falling. Matt has been messing
around with piston engines since he was old enough to hold a
wrench, and he knew he had a problem. If he let the oil
pressure get too low, he risked the engine’s stopping. How
much further could he fly before shutting it down? What would
happen when he did? He breathed heavily and felt the dreadful
cold sweat running down his back.
① calm and relieved ② proud and contented
③ bored and indifferent ④ nervous and horrified
⑤ ashamed and regretful
영어 영역
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20. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
Like cross-training, cross-eating adds needed variety to
your life ― in this case, nutritional variety. Existing on a few
dietary staples like bagels, bananas, and energy bars may leave
you short on the fiber, vitamins, and minerals that are crucial
for health. You should expand your nutrient repertoire. You can
do this by trying a new food each week, or by getting in the
habit of sampling new grains or pasta dishes at your local
grocery store. Go for more variety at each meal by, for
example, including two steamed vegetables and two grain foods
(like rice and whole-grain bread) instead of a single source of
each. Having more foods at each meal will also help control
portion sizes, which may keep you from overloading on fat or
sodium from one particular food.
* sodium: 나트륨
① 여러 가지 영양소를 섭취하기 위해 식단을 다양화하라.
② 지방이나 나트륨이 많이 함유된 음식을 가급적 피하라.
③ 한 번에 과식하기보다는 조금씩 여러 번 식사를 하라.
④ 영양 균형을 위해 가공식품의 과잉 섭취를 피하라.
⑤ 건강을 위해 규칙적인 식사와 운동을 생활화하라.
21. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Guiding students’ progress through the math curriculum in a
way that promotes successful, long-term learning and positive
math attitudes requires paying attention to their different levels
of achievable challenge and different learning strengths.
Through this construct, students become engaged and open to
acquiring the skills they need to progress to the next level.
Individualized achievable challenge connects students to
knowledge by communicating high expectations, confirming that
they have the capacity to reach these goals, and showing them
how to access the tools and support they need to reach goals
they consider desirable. By engaging students and ensuring that
they succeed frequently, we empower those who have math
negativity by providing a sense of their growing knowledge of
and appreciation for math.
① 기본 개념을 이해시키는 것이 수학적 응용력을 향상시킨다.
② 수학적 재능을 가진 학생을 조기에 발굴하는 것이 중요하다.
③ 놀이를 활용한 수업은 수학에 대한 흥미 유발에 효과적이다.
④ 생활 속 수학적 원리를 이용한 수업이 활성화될 필요가 있다.
⑤ 성취 가능한 개인별 도전 과제 부여가 수학 학습에 도움을 준다.
22. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
Work was once seen as human penance for evil beginnings in
the Garden of Eden. Over the years, as socioeconomic classes
arose in society in the Middle Ages, work began to be seen as
the curse of the poor. The wealthy in society did all they could
to avoid labor, perhaps except for war, which was seen as
noble. Eventually enlightened philosophers such as St. Thomas
Aquinas and his contemporaries taught that work was
important, especially if we used our surplus to help others.
Their teachings influenced reformers such as Martin Luther,
who explained that work was virtuous if we had integrity and
were honest in our dealings with our fellow men. Later, as
America and Canada expanded into new territories, work in
contemporary society was described as a privilege of the free.
Then, as we entered the 1900s, Henry Ford and other
industrialists convinced us that work led to progress for our
society and our families.
* penance: 속죄
① various ways to improve working conditions
② changes in the perception of work over time
③ efforts to raise awareness about workers’ rights
④ influences of the working class on modern society
⑤ relationships between working hours and productivity
23. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Becoming indispensable can be as much about how you work as
what you produce. Many employees believe they will receive the
recognition they desire by attacking their work with a singular
vision. They are driven with laser-beam focus, believing this
will help them create optimal results that will showcase their
talents and impress those at the top. But when you do this,
something important is missing. A narrow focus tends to produce
narrow results only valuable to your little corner of the company.
The most successful employees are not those who focus solely
on their own work. They are those who maintain a broader focus,
keeping their tasks in line with what’s most important to the
company and its future. Producing through the lens of the bigger
picture will make your work seem larger than life, while work
produced with a narrow focus is usually dismissed as “typical.”
① What Makes You a Confident Person?
② Take Initiative Rather than Standing Back
③ A Broader View: The Road to Success at Work
④ Talent: The Fruit of Efforts, Not Innate Ability
⑤ Can We Have Success Both at Work and at Home?
영어 영역
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Meditation Class
Relieve your stress
and create a sense of lasting peace!
This class is suitable for
both beginners and experienced meditators.
• Class Schedule
- This four-week class will start from May 2.
(7:00 p.m. - 8:30 p.m., Monday through Friday)
• Tuition & Class Size
- No tuition (supported by the local government)
- A maximum of 30 people
• Notice
- Please bring your own yoga mat to class as we don’t
provide any.
- No special clothing is required.
- Register at our website, www.meditationcool.com
Join our seventh annual baking contest
and show off your baking skills.
Saturday, May 14, 2016, 2 p.m. - 4 p.m.
at Avana Park
Judging will be based not only on taste
but also on creativity.
Prizes will be given to the top three cakes.
1st prize: a kitchenware set
2nd prize: a coffeepot
3rd prize: a cookbook
∙ The entry fee is $20 per contestant.
∙ Entries are limited to one cake per contestant.
∙ Public cake tasting will begin at 5 p.m.
∙ All proceeds will be donated to Avana House, the local
charity that helps homeless people in the community.
For more information,
please visit www.avanapark.org
24. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
The two pie charts above show the change in percentage of
five U.S. immigrant sources between 1960 and 2013. ① In
1960, Europe/Canada was the largest source of U.S. immigrants,
but it dropped to fourth place in 2013. ② The largest source for
the nation’s immigrants in 2013 was Mexico. ③ The percentage
of Mexico and Other Latin America together only accounted for
10% in 1960, but it increased to more than 50% in 2013. ④ The
percentage of immigrant population born in South/East Asia
increased to 26% in 2013, which was more than seven times
that of 1960. ⑤ Though Europe/Canada was a dominant source
making up more than 80% of U.S. immigrants in 1960, no single
source contributed more than 30% in 2013.
25. North Yungas Road에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
North Yungas Road, known as ‘Death Road,’ connects the
Yungas region of northern Bolivia to the capital, La Paz. The
road was built in the 1930s during the Chaco War by
Paraguayan prisoners of war. Starting from La Paz, this road
first climbs to 4,650 meters, and then gradually descends to
1,200 meters at the town of Coroico. This drop is one of the
longest stretches of continuous downhill road in the world. It’s
mostly a single-lane road with no guard rails, and it has cliffs
of up to 600 meters. The hazards include landslides and
tumbling rocks, constant fog, tropical downpours and limited
visibility. Unlike the rest of Bolivia, one of the local road rules
specifies that vehicles are required to drive on the left side of
the road to give the driver a better view of the vehicle’s
outside wheel and make passing safer.
① 전쟁 포로들에 의해 만들어졌다.
② 세계에서 가장 긴 내리막길 중 하나가 있다.
③ 대부분이 가드레일이 없는 일차선 도로이다.
④ 지속적인 안개와 열대성 폭우 같은 위험이 있다.
⑤ 차량을 도로의 오른편에서 운행해야 한다.
26. Meditation Class에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?
① 초보자에게는 적절하지 않다.
② 4주간 주말마다 진행된다.
③ 수강 인원은 최대 30명까지이다.
④ 수강자에게 요가 매트를 제공한다.
⑤ 특별한 복장이 필요하다.
27. Avana Park Bake Off에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는
것은?
① 일곱 번째 개최되는 연례 대회이다.
② 맛과 창의성을 바탕으로 심사한다.
③ 출품작은 참가자당 케이크 하나로 제한된다.
④ 케이크 시식은 오후 다섯 시에 시작된다.
⑤ 모든 수익금은 국제 자선단체에 기부된다.
영어 영역
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28. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [3점]
We all want to believe that our brains sort through
information in the most rational way ① possible. On the
contrary, countless studies show that there are many
weaknesses of human reasoning. Common weaknesses in
reasoning ② exist across people of all ages and educational
backgrounds. For example, confirmation bias is ubiquitous.
People pay attention to information that supports their
viewpoints, while ③ ignoring evidence to the contrary.
Confirmation bias is not the same as being stubborn, and is not
constrained to issues ④ about which people have strong
opinions. Instead, it acts at a subconscious level to control the
way we gather and filter information. Most of us are not
aware of these types of flaws in our reasoning processes, but
professionals who work to convince us of certain viewpoints
⑤ to study the research on human decision making to
determine how to exploit our weaknesses to make us more
susceptible to their messages.
* ubiquitous: 아주 흔한
29. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한
것은?
With a power gap, the more hierarchical your culture or
background, the greater the power gap is apt to be. This is
because hierarchical cultures (A) decrease / reinforce the
differences between managers and employees. If you tend to
be more hierarchical in your orientation, you tend to put
those in positions of authority at a higher level, and there is
more respect for that status or position, divorced even from
the person who occupies it. (B) Distance / Friendliness is
seen as good if you have a hierarchical preference. It
wouldn’t be proper for a manager to be too familiar with his
employees. The effect is that any power gap that exists is
magnified through the lens of this dimension. A greater
power gap can result in decreased communication as well as
increased misunderstandings and conflict, potentially leading
to (C) missed / unlimited opportunities for building significant
business and career relationships.
(A) (B) (C)
① decrease …… Distance …… missed
② decrease …… Friendliness …… unlimited
③ reinforce …… Distance …… missed
④ reinforce …… Friendliness …… unlimited
⑤ reinforce …… Distance …… unlimited
30. 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
While working at the cash register in a shop, a young college
student saw an elderly couple come in with their granddaughter
in a wheelchair. The cashier looked closely at the child; ① she
had no arms or legs. As the couple wheeled her up to the
counter, the college student turned her head toward the girl and
gave ② her a wink. As she took the money from the child’s
grandparents, she looked back at the girl, who gave her a
beaming smile. All of a sudden the child’s disability was gone
and all the young student saw was this beautiful girl; ③ her
smile was breathtaking and gave the college student a
completely new sense of life. ④ She took the young cashier from
being an unhappy college student into her world of smiles, love,
and warmth. Several years later as a successful business person,
the once unhappy college student remembered the remarkable
lesson about life that the child taught ⑤ her that day.
[31 ~ 33] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
31. If we can’t have everything we want today, what do we do?
We are forced to make choices. We must choose some goods
and services and not others. Sometimes this kind of choosing
can be visibly painful. Have you ever watched children in a toy
store with a gift certificate in hand? It can take them all day
before they make a choice. And instead of bubbling with
excitement over the toy they bought, they usually appear
frustrated over not being able to walk away with everything!
Life is like that. governs us. Because we cannot
have everything all at once, we are forever forced to make
choices. We can use our resources to satisfy only some of our
wants, leaving many others unsatisfied. [3점]
① Scarcity ② Morality ③ Knowledge
④ Reputation ⑤ Compassion
32. Establishing protected areas with intact ecosystems is
essential for species conservation. It is, however, shortsighted
to rely solely on protected areas to preserve biodiversity. Such
reliance can create a paradoxical situation in which species and
ecosystems inside the protected areas are preserved while the
same species and ecosystems outside are allowed to be
damaged, which in turn results in .
This is due in part to the fact that many species must migrate
across protected area boundaries to access resources that the
protected area itself cannot provide. In India, for example,
tigers leave their protected areas to hunt in the surrounding
human-dominated landscape. In general, the smaller the
protected area, the more it depends on unprotected neighboring
lands for the long-term maintenance of biodiversity.
Unprotected areas, including those immediately outside
protected areas, are thus crucial to an overall conservation
strategy. [3점]
① the decline of biodiversity within the protected areas
② the fall in migration of species to the unprotected areas
③ the increase of predators’ migration to the protected areas
④ the balance and harmony between humanity and biodiversity
⑤ the improvement in preserving human-dominated landscapes
영어 영역
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33. Our kitchens owe much to the brilliance of science, and a
cook experimenting with mixtures at the stove is often not
very different from a chemist in the lab: we add vinegar to red
cabbage to fix the color and use baking soda to counteract the
acidity of lemon in the cake. It is wrong to suppose, however,
that .
It is something more basic and older than this. Not every
culture has had formal science ― a form of organized
knowledge about the universe that starts with Aristotle in the
fourth century BC. The modern scientific method, in which
experiments form part of a structured system of hypothesis,
experimentation, and analysis is as recent as the seventeenth
century; the problem-solving technology of cooking goes back
thousands of years. Since the earliest Stone Age humans cut
raw food with sharpened flints, we have always used invention
to devise better ways to feed ourselves. [3점]
① science has nothing to do with philosophy
② a hypothesis can be proved by a single experiment
③ technology is just the appliance of scientific thought
④ cooking has always been independent from formal science
⑤ food is cooked only through the problem-solving technology
34. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
For any product, the last step of the recycling process is
selling the new product. Unfortunately, it can be hard to find
markets for some types of recyclables. Plastic companies
generally prefer new plastic, (A) , because it is of
more consistent quality than recycled plastic. The new plastic
is guaranteed to be free of incompatible polymers ― the
chemical from which plastics are made ― that sometimes are
mixed in when the plastic is not sorted well before recycling.
Manufacturers say it is also easier to control the color of
plastics that have no recycled content. (B) , paper
manufacturers complain that recycled paper often gets dirty
during collection and sorting. The added expense of cleaning
the paper makes it too expensive to use for some purposes.
(A) (B)
① for instance …… Instead
② for instance …… Similarly
③ therefore …… In contrast
④ however …… Moreover
⑤ however …… In short
[35 ~ 36] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을
고르시오.
35.
Who could deny that the human body is a miracle? Imagine:
each of us is safely housed within a bundle of blood, bone,
and guts nurturing a little glow of life while suspended in a
sea of constant change and danger.
(A) In other words, traditional housing approaches were
specific to the culture, climate, and environment. Consider
the igloo, a building using the thermal mass of ice to
enclose heat and resist snow, or the ancient Egyptians’
ventilation domes that produced interior cooling amid
burning desert heat.
(B) Housing, likewise, originally developed slowly within
particular human cultures and in response to specific
climates and environments. Each culture around the world
crafted a unique style of housing from the fabric of their
surroundings.
(C) The miracle becomes even more amazing when you
consider the long, slow, evolutionary process of give and
take that produced the human body. Our bodies developed
with nature, within it, as part of it, over time.
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
36.
Adolescence is a stage of development in which teens have
superb cognitive abilities and high rates of learning and
memory because they are still riding on the heightened
synaptic plasticity of childhood.
(A) This means a little bit of stimulation to a teenage brain
whose synapses are firing all over the place leads to
wanting more stimulation that can, in certain situations,
result in a kind of overlearning. The more commonly
known name for this overlearning is addiction.
(B) These abilities give them a distinct advantage over adults,
but because they are so primed to learn, they are also
extremely vulnerable to learning the wrong things. How
does this happen?
(C) It is all because the brain wants rewards and anything that
is learned, good or bad, that stimulates the production of
dopamine is interpreted by the brain as a reward.
* synaptic plasticity: 시냅스 가소성 ** primed: 준비가 되어 있는
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
영어 영역
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[37 ~ 38] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한
곳을 고르시오.
37.
But if you poured a small bucket of water into the line first,
the empty space was quickly eliminated, enabling the water
to flow with less effort.
Undoing a negative tie begins with giving up something of
value rather than asking for a “fair trade.” If you give and then
ask for something right away in return, you don’t establish a
relationship; you carry out a transaction. ( ① ) When done
correctly, reciprocity is like getting the pump ready. ( ② ) In
the old days, pumps required lots of effort to produce any
water. ( ③ ) You had to repeatedly work a lever to eliminate a
vacuum in the line before water could flow. ( ④ ) Reciprocity
with a rival works in much the same way. ( ⑤ ) Reflect
carefully on what you should give and, ideally, choose
something that requires little effort from the other party to
reciprocate.
38.
In a different paradigm, human health and ecological survival
would be paramount, and industrial activities that undermine
these goals would be prohibited outright.
Unfortunately many organizations and political leaders
working to improve environmental and social conditions operate
unquestioningly from within the paradigm. ( ① ) However, to
paraphrase Einstein, problems cannot be solved from within the
same paradigm in which they were created. ( ② ) A good
example is the cap and trade approach to reducing greenhouse
gas emissions. ( ③ ) In this scenario, private companies are
permitted to sell their “right” to pollute to other companies,
which can then pollute more, in the belief that the free hand of
the market will find the most efficient opportunities for
greenhouse gas reductions. ( ④ ) But viewing pollution as a
“right” and relying on the market to solve environmental
problems reinforces the very paradigm that got us into this
mess. ( ⑤ ) The right to clean air and a healthy climate would
win over the right to pollute. [3점]
* cap and trade: 배출권 거래제
39. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
Not until the rise of ecology at the beginning of the twentieth
century did people begin to think seriously of land as a natural
system with interconnecting parts. ① A century earlier,
Thomas Jefferson had vigorously promoted an orderly division
of the American land, beginning with the Northwest Territory.
② Surveyors were sent forth to draw rectangular grids on the
land, dividing the wilds into counties, townships, and ultimately
homesteads, with little concern for terrain or other natural
features. ③ They adopted the environmentally friendly system
even though they did not see a profit in it. ④ That system had
its virtues, but in time ecology made the lines appear artificial.
⑤ As some observers would come to see it, the rectangular
grid system caused as much harm as it did good.
* homestead: 정부 공여 농지
40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에
들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
Mitterer and de Ruiter used a color categorization paradigm
to study the relationship between “world knowledge” and
color categories. First, half of the observers saw typically
orange objects (e.g., carrot) in a good orange and typically
yellow objects (e.g., banana) in a hue midway between
orange and yellow. The other half saw typically orange
objects in the intermediate hue and typically yellow objects
in a good yellow. Later, observers were asked to categorize
a color-neutral object (e.g., sock) colored somewhere
between yellow and orange as either yellow or orange. The
researchers found that if the observers had seen typically
yellow objects in the intermediate hue, this hue was
subsequently categorized as yellow. The reverse was true
for the observers who had seen typically orange objects in
the intermediate hue.
After observers were (A) a typically yellow or
orange object in an intermediate hue, they thought the
intermediate hue of a color-neutral object (B)
the category of the previous object’s typical color.
(A) (B)
① exposed to …… matched
② exposed to …… narrowed
③ distracted by …… contradicted
④ reminded of …… determined
⑤ reminded of …… changed
영어 영역
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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
The overabundance of available storage capacity makes it
easy for us to shift our behavioral default regarding external
memory from forgetting to remembering. We save different
versions of the documents we are working on to our hard disks.
And we store images and music files, on the assumption that
perhaps some day we might need them. Storing information has
become fantastically convenient, but it’s more than convenience
that makes us preserve. The truth is that the economics of
storage have made forgetting brutally expensive. Consider
digital cameras: When you connect your camera to your
computer to upload the images you took onto your hard disk,
you are usually given a choice. You can either select which
images to upload, or have your computer copy automatically all
images from your camera. Reassured perhaps by the soothing
idea that one can always go through them later and delete the
images one does not like, invariably most people choose the
latter option. Economically speaking, this makes sense.
Assuming it takes only three seconds for a person to look at an
image and decide whether to preserve it or not, and that she
values her own time at a current average wage, the “cost” of
the time alone that it takes to decide the cost of
storage. With such an abundance of cheap storage, it is simply
no longer economical to even decide whether to remember or
forget. Forgetting ― the three seconds it takes to choose ― has
become too expensive for people to use.
41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
① Save Selectively, Save Your Effort!
② Cheap Storage Drives Us to Keep It All
③ How to Cope with Financial Difficulties
④ Benefits of Deleting Your Online History
⑤ Why Is Time More Precious than Money?
42. 윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
① follows ② creates ③ balances
④ exceeds ⑤ eliminates
[43 ~ 45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
(A)
Julia, a counsellor, recently encountered an example of the
joyful turning point while working with her client Angela.
Angela came to see Julia because she was having doubts about
her career plans. For the last three years Angela had worked as
a legal analyst at a company. The problem was that (a) she
didn’t have much of a passion for law. She had never enjoyed
reading law books, or attended a legal workshop because she
was eager to learn.
(B)
Julia kept encouraging Angela and Angela began to think
about how she could get involved in acting. She remembered
that there were some people at her work who were interested
in acting. The next week at work, Angela sent an email to her
colleagues announcing her interest in starting a drama group.
Four people agreed to join her. When Angela described their
first meeting during (b) her next session with Julia, she was
so excited that she was practically leaping out of her chair.
(C)
As Angela described her situation, Julia noted that there was
little enthusiasm in her voice. So the first thing (c) she
decided to do was to help Angela increase the fun in her life.
Julia asked her if there were any fun things she would like to
do. Angela mentioned that for a long time she had wanted to get
back into acting, which she used to do in college. As (d) she
talked about her acting experiences, she spoke
enthusiastically and Julia felt it was like watching an entirely
different person.
(D)
Now Angela realized that she wanted to work in a setting
where she could interact with many different types of people
in a fun, supportive way. This, she saw, was unlikely to occur
in the legal profession. After exploring many possibilities,
Angela ended up becoming a drama teacher at a high school.
She has found that (e) she no longer needed to be a “zombie”
at work. She is now free to let her enthusiastic personality
come out.
43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장
적절한 것은?
① (B) - (D) - (C) ② (C) - (B) - (D) ③ (C) - (D) - (B)
④ (D) - (B) - (C) ⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)
44. 밑줄 친 (a) ~ (e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른
것은?
① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)
45. 윗글의 Angela에 관한 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
① 한 회사의 법률 분석가로 일했다.
② 법률 서적 읽는 것을 즐긴 적이 없었다.
③ 연극 공연을 홍보하는 이메일을 동료에게 보냈다.
④ 대학 시절에 연기를 했었다.
⑤ 고등학교 연극 교사가 되었다.
※ 확인 사항
문제지와 답안지의 해당란을 정확히 기입(표기)했는지 확인하시오.